Menstrual cycle length and variability: a visual explanation

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A person’s menstrual cycle length and regularity are key indicators of their overall health. The Apple Women’s Health Study (AWHS ) is helping us characterize menstrual cycles throughout people’s lives, by enrolling study participants who provide their permission for us to collect and analyze data on a larger scale than ever before. This understanding can help people prepare for their menstrual cycles and help patients and clinicians personalize their healthcare.

In Part 1: What is a menstrual cycle?, we define and explain key characteristics of a menstrual cycle. In Part 2: How long is a typical cycle?, we explore the range of cycle lengths of people from the study. In Part 3: What is an irregular cycle?, we look at how much a person’s cycle varies from month to month. Finally, in Part 4: What determines cycle characteristics?, we discuss why we see variation in cycle characteristics through a person’s life, and why it’s important for everyone to understand these changes so that we can better prepare for them.

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