British Social Attitudes

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Dados de um inquérito britânico sobre atitudes sociais

The British Social Attitudes survey is the leading social research survey in Britain. Since 1983, the annual surveys
conducted by the National Centre for Social Research (Natcen) have continually monitored and interpreted the British public’s changing attitudes towards social, economic, political and moral issues. Its findings are reported
and interpreted in a series of annual reports.

The  British Social Attitudes Information System is maintained by the Centre for Comparative European
Survey Data (CCESD) to provide non-specialist users with on-line access and analysis of a cumulative database of over 20,000 survey questions asked in British Social Attitudes surveys over the last 25 years.
Data and documentation from all surveys from 1983 are routinely deposited with the UK Data Service (UKDS) based at Essex University and can be searched on their page  British Social Attitudes Survey .  Files are accessible from UKDS: the list of currently available waves is on British Social Attitudes links 1983 onwards.  I am currently working on tutorials using data from the 2011 wave and from the 2009 to 2014 waves in the cumulative file.   Some of these are already available on page 3.2 Three (or more) variables and in 4.2.1  Income differences – Statistical significance

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Data sets used in Survey Analysis

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mais dados de inquéritos diversos no UK

Raw data sets are exactly as they would arrive from the fieldwork agency or from institutional data-prep services (in 80-column ASCII format, fixed width font).

SPSS saved files for British Social Attitudes 1986 and 1989 and Quality of Life in Britain are initial files only.  Variables in the BSA series are (re-) named using the positional naming convention.  There are no mnemonic names and no derived variables, but these will be generated during the exercises.  These files have full permissions for use and distribution.

SPSS (19, 21 and 22) can open *.sav and *.sps files downloaded from this site and also save them to a drive on your computer.  Earlier tutorials and exercises require you to define a few variables, read in raw data and add  dictionary information, then save the files. However, for surveys with dozens, if not hundreds, of variables, this would be too onerous a requirement,  especially for beginners.  Later tutorials and exercises will need access to much larger saved files containing hundreds of variables and thousands of cases.

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Playground to Politics

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Dados de um questionário a 50 professores londrinos.

A study of values and attitudes among fifth formers in a North London comprehensive school.

This survey of teenage attitudes and opinions in a North London comprehensive school (11-18 mixed) was designed and conducted, under my guidance and supervision, by three of my sophomore students as part of their group research dissertation for BA Applied Social Studies (Social Research) at the Polytechnic of North London (PNL, now part of London Metropolitan University).  . It aimed to discover something about pupils’ future expectations and awareness of, and attitudes towards, various current social issues and problems, particularly racism and sexism. It replicates various items and scales from other work (Wilson-Patterson, Eysenck, Himmelweit, Srole-Christie) particularly the St Paul’s Girls senior pupils study (Feb 1973) some of which were also used in the SSRC Survey Unit Quality of Life surveys 1971-75.

The self-completion questionnaire was completed in December 1981 by all fifth form pupils present on the day of the survey (N=142).  It was administered during time-tabled Social Studies classes and, time permitting, was followed by discussion with class teachers and the PNL students of the issues covered in the survey.

Given the particularly high quality of this project, a user manual was prepared by John Hall and Alison Walker for use with the postgraduate Survey Analysis Workshop and the undergraduate course Data Management and Analysis. It serves as model documentation for similar small survey projects.

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Controlling for test variables

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alguns apontamentos sobre testes com vars de controlo

3.2  Three (or more) variables

[Page last updated 3 August 2016]

Introducing a third variable. Controlling for test variables. Elaboration.

Logical model is X Y . T (the effect of X on Y controlling for T) where:

Y = Dependent variable
X = Independent variable
T = Test variable(s)

3.2.1 Elaboration

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Quality of Life: Measurement and methodology

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Alguma informação sobre a qualidade de vida na inglaterra

I have recently been making extensive revisions in the area of Subjective Social Indicators and it now makes more sense to split the page into three sections.  Previous contents of his page have now been spread across several new pages.

Quality of Life: Measurement and methodology
There has been intense  (often polemical) debate over the years on methodology and measurement of  the concept “Quality of Life” and there is a variety of working definitions deriving from diverse academic disciplines and political perspectives.  This page lists sources of philosophical and disciplinary arguments for and against quantitative research on subjective social indicators.

Measures of psychological well-being
This page will list scales to measure psychological well-being, tried and tested in the field on general populations.  Scales tested on students will not be listed, unless they have also been used on general populations.  See also:

SSRC Survey Unit Quality of Life in Britain surveys 1971 – 1975
Summary information and detailed abstracts on all “Quality of Life in Britain” surveys conducted at the SSRC Survey Unit between 1971 and 1975 by Mark Abrams and John Hall. (Variables, fieldwork, sampling, facsimile questionnaires, user-manuals, data sets, publications.)

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What is a survey?

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Alguns recursos sobre estudos por inquérito.

This section covers survey methods in general and has links to useful resources, but there are no learning materials as such.

For a good general introduction, see What is a survey? (American Statistical Association booklet, 68 pp., 2004 by Fritz  Scheuren: combines as chapters a series of separate earlier pamphlets starting with What is a survey? by Robert Ferber, Chair, Paul Sheatsley, Anthony Turner and Joseph Waksberg, ASA, 1980 )

Flow diagram of the stages of a survey (from page 8 of Scheuren above).  These days we should perhaps add a Stage 7: Secondary analysis

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What is SPSS?

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Uma explicação para as ciências sociais

What is SPSS and what does it do?

SPSS consists of an integrated series of computer programs which enable the user to read data from questionnaire surveys and other sources (e.g. medical and administrative records) to manipulate them in various ways and to produce a wide range of statistical analyses and reports, together with documentation.

Most users will have access to SPSS via their college or workplace or by purchasing the Gradpack version (specially priced for students).  Full  details are on IBM SPSS Solutions for  Education and there is a comparison table showing what is available in each version.

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Summary guide to SPSS tutorials

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Bom site com vários recursos sobre a utilização do IBM SPSS

Catalogue of SPSS tutorials is an Excel *.xlms file containing a full listing (with hyperlinks) of all tutorial files.[may not be completely up-to-date]

Guide to pop-out menus shows all the screenshots for menus and sub-menus for Survey  Analysis Workshop [may not be completely up-to-date and site has been re-organised, so needs a re-write, but still useful to show you what to expect]

There are more than 600 pages of downloadable tutorials arranged in four blocks.

Block  1: From questionnaire to SPSS saved file

1.1:   The language of survey analysis
1.2:   How do data relate to questionnaires?
1.3:   Reading raw data into SPSS
1.4:   Completing your data dictionary
1.5:   Utilities [still in preparation]

Block 2:  Analysing one variable

2.1:   Nominal and ordinal variables
2.2:   Interval scale variables
2.3:   Data transformations

Block 3:  Analysing two variables (and sometimes three)

3.1   Contingency tables
3.2   Three variables
3.3    Multiple response
3.4    Comparing means
3.5:   Conditional transformations

Block 4:   Hypothesis testing
[Still in preparation: provisional contents listed below: page also has links to some useful resources for statistical concepts]

Hypothesis testing
4.2a  t-test and one way anova
4.2b  Testing differences between three or more means
4.3  Chi-square (has one tutorial)
4.4  Regression and correlation
4.5  Association, structure and cause

SPSS files and documentation used for tutorials and exercises

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Journeys in Survey Research

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Bons conjunto de dados e explicações de como usar.

1:  Close Encounters of the Fourth Kind: working with alien SPSS files

Data sets explored

European Quality of Life Survey (2007)
Understanding Society (2010)
ONS Opinions Survey, WellBeing Modules (2011)
(including unrestricted access data set for April 2011).
NORC General Social Survey (GSS)   (2008)
British Social Attitudes (2011)
British Social Attitudes (2004)

European Quality of Life Survey
European Quality of Life Survey (UKDS: 6299)

Understanding Society
Understanding Society (UKDS: SN 6614)
Commentary on Understanding Society 2010 (JFH)

ONS Opinions Survey, WellBeing Modules
(including unrestricted access data set for April 2011)
Measuring National Well-being (ONS website)
WellBeing Modules April-Sep 2011 (UKDS: SN6893)
Unrestricted Access Teaching Dataset (UKDS: SN 7146)
Introduction and Commentary: Unrestricted Access Teaching Dataset (JFH)

NORC General Social Survey (GSS)
1:  Commentary on full NORC General Social Survey 2008

2:  (Book) Sweet & Grace-Martin
Data Analysis with SPSS: A First Course in Applied Statistics (Pearson 2010)
(can be rented as e-book from CourseSmart)
Commentary on subset of General Social Survey 2008

3:  (Book) Babbie, Halley, Wagner & Zaino
Adventures in Social Research: Data Analysis Using IBM SPSS Statistics (Sage 2103)
Commentary on GSS 2008 SPSS files for Babbie et al

British Social Attitudes (2011)
British Social Attitudes 2011 (UKDS: SN 7237)
Commentary on SPSS file for British Social Attitudes 2011 (JFH)

British Social Attitudes (2004)
(Book) Marsh & Elliott Exploring Data (Polity Press, 2008)
Review of Exploring Data (JFH)
Exploring Data Teaching Datasets (UKDS: SN 6096)
Commentary on SPSS files in Teaching Datasets (JFH)

European Social Survey (2002)
Notes on SPSS files for European Social Survey 2002
(private exchange between JFH and ESS team)

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SPSS videos e trials

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Um site da IBM com bastantes recursos sobre o SPSS

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Online Demo: IBM SPSS Regression in action

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Online Demo: Two-step cluster analysis: Find natural groups in your data [US]

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Watch a short demonstration of the two-step cluster analysis technique in SPSS Statistics Base.

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This paper describes Monte Carlo simulation, the value of this technique for risk analysis and how SPSS Statistics and its Monte Carlo simulation capabilities can help businesses assess for risk.

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White Paper: The Risk of Using Spreadsheets for Statistical Analysis [US]

White Paper: The Risk of Using Spreadsheets for Statistical Analysis [US]

Despite their popularity, spreadsheets may not be well suited for analysis and decision making. This paper explores why, and describes a better alternative.

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