{"id":1524,"date":"2015-05-30T00:28:34","date_gmt":"2015-05-30T00:28:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.uac.pt\/amendes\/?p=1524"},"modified":"2015-05-30T00:28:34","modified_gmt":"2015-05-30T00:28:34","slug":"rtips-revival-2014","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.uac.pt\/amendes\/estatistica\/rtips-revival-2014\/","title":{"rendered":"Rtips. Revival 2014!"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Uma<\/a>

Uma anima\u00e7\u00e3o com todos os lugares referidos numa can\u00e7\u00e3o de johnny cash<\/p><\/div>\n

Montes de exemplos de R numa \u00fanica longa p\u00e1gina.<\/span><\/p>\n

Table of Contents<\/div>\n
\n
Section:\u2003Original Preface<\/a><\/div>\n
Section 1:\u2003Data Input\/Output<\/a><\/div>\n
\n
Subsection 1.1:\u2003Bring raw numbers into R (05\/22\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 1.2:\u2003Basic notation on data access (12\/02\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 1.3:\u2003Checkout the new Data Import\/Export manual (13\/08\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 1.4:\u2003Exchange data between R and other programs (Excel, etc) (01\/21\/2009)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 1.5:\u2003Merge data frames (04\/23\/2004)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 1.6:\u2003Add one row at a time (14\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 1.7:\u2003Need yet another different kind of merge for data frames (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 1.8:\u2003Check if an object is NULL (06\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 1.9:\u2003Generate random numbers (12\/02\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 1.10:\u2003Generate random numbers with a fixed mean\/variance (06\/09\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 1.11:\u2003Use rep to manufacture a weighted data set (30\/01\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 1.12:\u2003Convert contingency table to data frame (06\/09\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 1.13:\u2003Write: data in text file (31\/12\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Section 2:\u2003Working with data frames: Recoding, selecting, aggregating<\/a><\/div>\n
\n
Subsection 2.1:\u2003Add variables to a data frame (or list) (02\/06\/2003)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.2:\u2003Create variable names on the fly (10\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.3:\u2003Recode one column, output values into another column (12\/05\/2003)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.4:\u2003Create indicator (dummy) variables (20\/06\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.5:\u2003Create lagged values of variables for time series regression (05\/22\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.6:\u2003 How to drop factor levels for datasets that don\u2019t have observations with those values? (08\/01\/2002)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.7:\u2003Select\/subset observations out of a dataframe (08\/02\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.8:\u2003Delete first observation for each element in a cluster of observations (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.9:\u2003Select a random sample of data (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.10:\u2003Selecting Variables for Models: Don\u2019t forget the subset function (15\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.11:\u2003Process all numeric variables, ignore character variables? (11\/02\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.12:\u2003Sorting by more than one variable (06\/09\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.13:\u2003Rank within subgroups defined by a factor (06\/09\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.14:\u2003Work with missing values (na.omit, is.na, etc) (15\/01\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.15:\u2003Aggregate values, one for each line (16\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.16:\u2003Create new data frame to hold aggregate values for each factor ()<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.17:\u2003Selectively sum columns in a data frame (15\/01\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.18:\u2003Rip digits out of real numbers one at a time (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.19:\u2003Grab an item from each of several matrices in a List (14\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.20:\u2003Get vector showing values in a dataset (10\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.21:\u2003Calculate the value of a string representing an R command (13\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.22:\u2003Which can grab the index values of cases satisfying a test ()<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 2.23:\u2003Find unique lines in a matrix\/data frame (31\/12\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Section 3:\u2003Matrices and vector operations<\/a><\/div>\n
\n
Subsection 3.1:\u2003Create a vector, append values (01\/02\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.2:\u2003How to create an identity matrix? (16\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.3:\u2003Convert matrix m to one long vector (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.4:\u2003Creating a peculiar sequence (1 2 3 4 1 2 3 1 2 1) (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.5:\u2003Select every n\u2019th item (14\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.6:\u2003Find index of a value nearest to 1.5 in a vector (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.7:\u2003Find index of nonzero items in vector (18\/06\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.8:\u2003Find index of missing values (15\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.9:\u2003 Find index of largest item in vector (16\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.10:\u2003Replace values in a matrix (22\/11\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.11:\u2003Delete particular rows from matrix (06\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.12:\u2003Count number of items meeting a criterion (01\/05\/2005)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.13:\u2003Compute partial correlation coefficients from correlation matrix ()<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.14:\u2003Create a multidimensional matrix (R array) (20\/06\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.15:\u2003Combine a lot of matrices (20\/06\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.16:\u2003Create neighbor matrices according to specific logics (20\/06\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.17:\u2003Matching two columns of numbers by a key variable (20\/06\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.18:\u2003Create Upper or Lower Triangular matrix (06\/08\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.19:\u2003Calculate inverse of X (12\/02\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.20:\u2003Interesting use of Matrix Indices (20\/06\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 3.21:\u2003Eigenvalues example (20\/06\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Section 4:\u2003Applying functions, tapply, etc<\/a><\/div>\n
\n
Subsection 4.1:\u2003Return multiple values from a function (12\/02\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 4.2:\u2003Grab \u2018\u2018p\u2019\u2019 values out of a list of significance tests (22\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 4.3:\u2003ifelse usage (12\/02\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 4.4:\u2003Apply to create matrix of probabilities, one for each cell (14\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 4.5:\u2003Outer. (15\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 4.6:\u2003Check if something is a formula\/function (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 4.7:\u2003Optimize with a vector of variables (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 4.8:\u2003slice.index, like in S+ (14\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Section 5:\u2003Graphing<\/a><\/div>\n
\n
Subsection 5.1:\u2003Adjust features with par before graphing (18\/06\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.2:\u2003Save graph output (03\/21\/2014)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.3:\u2003How to automatically name plot output into separate files (10\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.4:\u2003Control papersize (15\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.5:\u2003Integrating R graphs into documents: LaTeX and EPS or PDF (20\/06\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.6:\u2003\u2018\u2018Snapshot\u2019\u2019 graphs and scroll through them (31\/12\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.7:\u2003Plot a density function (eg. Normal) (22\/11\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.8:\u2003Plot with error bars (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.9:\u2003Histogram with density estimates (14\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.10:\u2003How can I \u2018\u2018overlay\u2019\u2019 several line plots on top of one another? (09\/29\/2005)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.11:\u2003Create \u2018\u2018matrix\u2019\u2019 of graphs (18\/06\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.12:\u2003Combine lines and bar plot? (07\/12\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.13:\u2003Regression scatterplot: add fitted line to graph (03\/20\/2014)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.14:\u2003Control the plotting character in scatterplots? (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.15:\u2003Scatterplot: Control Plotting Characters (men vs women, etc)} (11\/11\/2002)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.16:\u2003Scatterplot with size\/color adjustment (12\/11\/2002)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.17:\u2003Scatterplot: adjust size according to 3rd variable (06\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.18:\u2003Scatterplot: smooth a line connecting points (02\/06\/2003)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.19:\u2003Regression Scatterplot: add estimate to plot (18\/06\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.20:\u2003Axes: controls: ticks, no ticks, numbers, etc (22\/11\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.21:\u2003Axes: rotate labels (06\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.22:\u2003Axes: Show formatted dates in axes (06\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.23:\u2003Axes: Reverse axis in plot (12\/02\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.24:\u2003Axes: Label axes with dates (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.25:\u2003Axes: Superscript in axis labels (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.26:\u2003Axes: adjust positioning (31\/12\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.27:\u2003Add \u2018\u2018error arrows\u2019\u2019 to a scatterplot (30\/01\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.28:\u2003Time Series: how to plot several \u2018\u2018lines\u2019\u2019 in one graph? (06\/09\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.29:\u2003Time series: plot fitted and actual data (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.30:\u2003Insert text into a plot (22\/11\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.31:\u2003Plotting unbounded variables (07\/12\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.32:\u2003Labels with dynamically generated content\/math markup (16\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.33:\u2003Use math\/sophisticated stuff in title of plot (11\/11\/2002)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.34:\u2003How to color-code points in scatter to reveal missing values of 3rd variable? (15\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.35:\u2003lattice: misc examples (12\/11\/2002)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.36:\u2003Make 3d scatterplots (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.37:\u20033d contour with line style to reflect value (06\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.38:\u2003Animate a Graph! (13\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.39:\u2003Color user-portion of graph background differently from margin (06\/09\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 5.40:\u2003Examples of graphing code that seem to work (misc) (11\/16\/2005)}<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Section 6:\u2003Common Statistical Chores<\/a><\/div>\n
\n
Subsection 6.1:\u2003Crosstabulation Tables (01\/05\/2005)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 6.2:\u2003t-test (18\/07\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 6.3:\u2003Test for Normality (31\/12\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 6.4:\u2003Estimate parameters of distributions (12\/02\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 6.5:\u2003Bootstrapping routines (14\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 6.6:\u2003BY subgroup analysis of data (summary or model for subgroups)(06\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Section 7:\u2003Model Fitting (Regression-type things)<\/a><\/div>\n
\n
Subsection 7.1:\u2003Tips for specifying regression models (12\/02\/2002)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.2:\u2003Summary Methods, grabbing results inside an output object<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.3:\u2003 Calculate separate coefficients for each level of a factor (22\/11\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.4:\u2003 Compare fits of regression models (F test subset B\u2019s =0) (14\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.5:\u2003 Get Predicted Values from a model with predict() (11\/13\/2005)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.6:\u2003 Polynomial regression (15\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.7:\u2003 Calculate p value for an F stat from regression (13\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.8:\u2003 Compare fits (F test) in stepwise regression\/anova (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.9:\u2003 Test significance of slope and intercept shifts (Chow test?)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.10:\u2003 Want to estimate a nonlinear model? (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.11:\u2003Quasi family and passing arguments to it. (12\/11\/2002)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.12:\u2003Estimate a covariance matrix (22\/11\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.13:\u2003Control number of significant digits in output (22\/11\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.14:\u2003Multiple analysis of variance (06\/09\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.15:\u2003Test for homogeneity of variance (heteroskedasticity) (12\/02\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.16:\u2003Use nls to estimate a nonlinear model (14\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.17:\u2003Using nls and graphing things with it (22\/11\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.18:\u2003 and hypo tests (22\/11\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.19:\u2003logistic regression with repeated measurements (02\/06\/2003)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.20:\u2003Logit (06\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.21:\u2003Random parameter (Mixed Model) tips (01\/05\/2005)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.22:\u2003Time Series: basics (31\/12\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.23:\u2003Time Series: misc examples (10\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.24:\u2003Categorical Data and Multivariate Models (04\/25\/2004)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.25:\u2003Lowess. Plot a smooth curve (04\/25\/2004)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.26:\u2003Hierarchical\/Mixed linear models. (06\/03\/2003)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.27:\u2003Robust Regression tools (07\/12\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.28:\u2003Durbin-Watson test (10\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 7.29:\u2003Censored regression (04\/25\/2004)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Section 8:\u2003Packages<\/a><\/div>\n
\n
Subsection 8.1:\u2003What packages are installed on Paul\u2019s computer?<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 8.2:\u2003Install and load a package<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 8.3:\u2003List Loaded Packages<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 8.4:\u2003Where is the default R library folder? Where does R look for packages in a computer?<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 8.5:\u2003Detach libraries when no longer needed (10\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Section 9:\u2003Misc. web resources<\/a><\/div>\n
\n
Subsection 9.1:\u2003Navigating R Documentation (12\/02\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 9.2:\u2003R Task View Pages (12\/02\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 9.3:\u2003Using help inside R(13\/08\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 9.4:\u2003Run examples in R (10\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Section 10:\u2003R workspace<\/a><\/div>\n
\n
Subsection 10.1:\u2003Writing, saving, running R code (31\/12\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 10.2:\u2003.RData, .RHistory. Help or hassle? (31\/12\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 10.3:\u2003Save & Load R objects (31\/12\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 10.4:\u2003Reminders for object analysis\/usage (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 10.5:\u2003Remove objects by pattern in name (31\/12\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 10.6:\u2003Save work\/create a Diary of activity (31\/12\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 10.7:\u2003Customized Rprofile (31\/12\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Section 11:\u2003Interface with the operating system<\/a><\/div>\n
\n
Subsection 11.1:\u2003Commands to system like change working directory (22\/11\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 11.2:\u2003Get system time. (30\/01\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 11.3:\u2003Check if a file exists (11\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 11.4:\u2003Find files by name or part of a name (regular expression matching) (14\/08\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Section 12:\u2003Stupid R tricks: basics you can\u2019t live without<\/a><\/div>\n
\n
Subsection 12.1:\u2003If you are asking for help (12\/02\/2012)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 12.2:\u2003Commenting out things in R files (15\/08\/2000)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Section 13:\u2003Misc R usages I find interesting<\/a><\/div>\n
\n
Subsection 13.1:\u2003Character encoding (01\/27\/2009)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 13.2:\u2003list names of variables used inside an expression (10\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 13.3:\u2003R environment in side scripts (10\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n
Subsection 13.4:\u2003Derivatives (10\/04\/2001)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Montes de exemplos de R numa \u00fanica longa p\u00e1gina. Table of Contents Section:\u2003Original Preface Section 1:\u2003Data Input\/Output Subsection 1.1:\u2003Bring raw numbers into R (05\/22\/2012) Subsection 1.2:\u2003Basic notation on data access (12\/02\/2012) Subsection 1.3:\u2003Checkout the new Data Import\/Export manual (13\/08\/2001) Subsection 1.4:\u2003Exchange data between R and other programs (Excel, etc) (01\/21\/2009) Subsection 1.5:\u2003Merge data frames (04\/23\/2004) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":159,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[102,127,137],"tags":[74,147,121,132,157],"class_list":["post-1524","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-estatistica","category-matematica","category-software","tag-analise-de-dados","tag-estat-descritiva","tag-inferencia","tag-r-software","tag-software-estatistica"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uac.pt\/amendes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1524","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uac.pt\/amendes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uac.pt\/amendes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uac.pt\/amendes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/159"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uac.pt\/amendes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1524"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uac.pt\/amendes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1524\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1526,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uac.pt\/amendes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1524\/revisions\/1526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uac.pt\/amendes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1524"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uac.pt\/amendes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1524"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uac.pt\/amendes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1524"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}